Optimizacija uslova sušenja raspršivanjem za proizvodnju praha ekstrakta Achillea millefolium Original scientific paper
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U radu je optimizovan postupak sušenja raspršivanjem tečnog ekstrakta hajdučke trave (Achillea millefolium L.) primenom metode odzivnih površina. Ispitan je uticaj temperature (120-195 °C), protoka tečnosti (3-16,5 cm3 min-1) i sadržaja suve materije u tečnom ekstraktu (0,3-1,5 %) na prinos sušenja, sadržaj polifenola i antioksidativnu aktivnost suvog ekstrakta. Pod ispitivanim uslovima prinos je drastično varirao (od 8 do 75%), dok je uticaj sušenja na sadržaj polifenola i antioksidativnu aktivnost dobijenog praha bio manji. Optimizovani uslovi za maksimalnu antioksidativnu aktivnost i maksimalan prinos suvog ekstrakta bili su sledeći:130 °C pri protoku od 7,5 cm3 min-1 tečnog ekstrakta sa 1,2 % suve materije. Pri optimalnim uslovima prinos sušenja je iznosio 66 %, dok je zabeležen blagi pad sadržaja polifenola u suvom ekstraktu u poređenju sa tečnim ekstraktom (145 mg ekvivalenta galne kiseline [GAE] po g suve materije naspram 152 mg GAE g-1, redom). Antioksidativna aktivnost suvog praha neznatno je smanjena u poređenju sa tečnim ekstraktom (neutralizacija DPPH (di(fenil)-(2,4,6-trinitrofenil)iminoazanijum) je bila 58 % naspram 64 %). U osušenom prahu hajdučke trave očuvana je antimikrobna aktivnost prema patogenim bakterijama Staphylococcus aureus (vrednost minimalne inhibitorne koncentracije (MIK) je bila 10 mg cm-3) i Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIK vrednost je bila 20 mg cm-3).
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