Zeta potential titration and Kelvin probe force microscopy as tools for the design of biomaterials Abstract
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The biomaterials’ surface is the place where biomaterials, physiological fluids, proteins, and cells meet determining the host response. Surface features such as chemical composition, exposed functional groups, zeta and electric potential, wettability, topography, and roughness strongly affect this response. Surface functionalization and coating with biomolecules are strategic tools to modulate surface properties and control the biomaterial outcome. The design of a functionalization or coating process goes through the following main steps: selection of the biomolecule and process parameters, identification of the effective presence of the biomolecule on the surface and type of bond, and evaluation of the biological response. The role of advanced characterization techniques in these steps is here discussed.
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