Upravljačko – nadzorni sistem pogona za proizvodnju biodizela
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Abstract
U radu je opisan sistem za upravljanje i nadzor postrojenja za proizvodnju ekološki čistog goriva biodizela, koje se dobija transformacijom biljnih ulja u metilestre masnih kiselina reakcijom transesterifikacije. Proces je automatizovan, čime se obezbeđuje sinhronizovan rad uređaja i opreme, optimalna potrošnja energije, eliminiše se uticaj subjektivnog faktora, povećava se efikasnost rada pogona i postiže se dobar kvalitet proizvoda. Upravljačko – nadzorni sistem je zasnovan naPLCi SCADA konfiguraciji sa decentralizovanim distribuiranim upravljanjem tehnološkim celinama - sastavnim delovima postrojenja. Upravljačke jedinice (lokalniPLCkontroleri u sprezi sa operatorskim panelima) smeštene u ormarima duž pogona, vrše prikupljanje lokalnih digitalnih i analognih vrednosti procesnih veličina i prosleđuju upravljačke signale izvršnim organima. Određena odstupanja regulisanih veličina od zadatih vrednosti izazivaju oglašavanje alarma, koji se u vidu svetlosnih i zvučnih upozorenja javljaju na lokalnim panelima i monitoru u dispečerskom centru (DC). Uz to ispisuje se poruka o uzroku, mestu i vremenu nastajanja poremećaja, pri čemu se zahteva od operatera da potvrdi alarm. Ove informacije olakšavaju rad službi održavanja. Vizuelna interpretacija sastavnih celina pogona, tabelarni i grafički prikazi karakterističnih veličina preko dinamičkih ekrana omogućavaju operateru uvid u stanje procesa proizvodnje. Sistem vrši arhiviranje relevantnih podataka, prati istorijat proizvodnog procesa, i generiše dnevne i periodične izveštaje.
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