The use of bacterial indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for reduce of chemical fertilizers doses
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The standard technology of seed processing uses mainly chemical products. Recent researches showed that toxic materials from chemical fertilizers can be harmful to humans, animals and the environment. Currently the attention of researches is shifting away from chemical fertlizers and toward alternative that consumers perceive to be natural, Plant Growth Promoting bacteria (PGP). PGP bacteria could be a way to reduce chemical fertilizer doses. This was the reason to test the ability of Bacillus megaterium, Azotobacter chroococcum to produce hormone auxin (IAA). Bacterial strains were identified by PCR amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was detected and quantified by MRM experiment. This study conducted that maize seed inoculation with IAA from species mentioned above showed positive effects. They had statistically significantly higher root and steam height compared to control seedlings. Bacterial strains tested in this study may be recommended as PGP (Plant Growth Promoting) bacteria, due to their positive effects and eventually can be used to reduce chemical fertilizers doses.
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors grant to the Publisher the following rights to the manuscript, including any supplemental material, and any parts, extracts or elements thereof:
- the right to reproduce and distribute the Manuscript in printed form, including print-on-demand;
- the right to produce prepublications, reprints, and special editions of the Manuscript;
- the right to translate the Manuscript into other languages;
- the right to reproduce the Manuscript using photomechanical or similar means including, but not limited to photocopy, and the right to distribute these reproductions;
- the right to reproduce and distribute the Manuscript electronically or optically on any and all data carriers or storage media – especially in machine readable/digitalized form on data carriers such as hard drive, CD-Rom, DVD, Blu-ray Disc (BD), Mini-Disk, data tape – and the right to reproduce and distribute the Article via these data carriers;
- the right to store the Manuscript in databases, including online databases, and the right of transmission of the Manuscript in all technical systems and modes;
- the right to make the Manuscript available to the public or to closed user groups on individual demand, for use on monitors or other readers (including e-books), and in printable form for the user, either via the internet, other online services, or via internal or external networks.
How to Cite
References
R.J. Gilliom, J.E. Barbash, C.G. Crawford, P.A. Hamilton, J.D. Martin, N.Nakagaki, L.H. Nowell, J.C. Scott, P.E. Stackelberg, G.P. Thelin, D.M. Wolock, The Quality of Our Nations Waters – Pesticides in the Nations Streams and Ground Water, 1992–2001, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1291, Minnesota Department of Health, 2008.
M.F. Bouchard, D.C. Bellinger, R.O. Wright, M.G. Weisskopf, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Pesticides, Pedriatr. 125 (2010) 1270–1277.
J.M. Dodić, Z.Z. Roncević, J.A. Grahovac, B.Ž. Bajić, O.S. Korolija, Biosinteza komponenti antifungalnog delovanja prema Aspergillus spp. Primenom Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Hem. Ind. 69 (2015) 201–208.
B. de Campo Ventura, D. de Fransceschi Angelis, M.A. Marin-Morales, Mutagenic and genotoxic effects of the Atrazine herbicide in Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes, Cichlidae) detected by the micronuclei test and the comet assay, Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 90 (2008) 42––51.
S.W.A. Naqvi, D.A. Jayakumar, P.V. Narvekar, H. Naik, V.V.S.S. Sarma, W. D'Souza, S. Joseph, M.D. George, Increased marine production of N2O due to intensifying anoxia on the Indian continental shelf, Nature 408 (2000) 346–349.
C. Elmerich, in: C. Elmerich, W.E. Newton (Eds.), Associative and endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria and cyanobacterial associations, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2007, pp. 1–20.
L.B. Ali, A.N. Sabri, K. Ljung, S. Hasnain, Auxin production by plant associated bacteria: impact on endogenous IAA content and growth of Triticum aestivum L, Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 48 (2009) 542–547.
P.N. Bhattacharyya, D.K. Jha, Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 28 (2012) 1327–1350.
J.-L. Zhao, L.-G. Zhou, J.-Y. Wu, Promotion of Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root growth and tanshinone production by polysaccharide–protein fractions of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus cereus, Pro-cess Biochem. 45 (2010) 1517–1522.
A.B. Patil, N.M. Naik, P.J. Nirmalnath, A.R. Alagawadi, Effect of Combined Inoculations of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the Growth and Productivity of Soybean (Glycine max L.), Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 17 (2004) 731–735.
C.L. Patten, B.R. Glick, Role of Pseudomonas putida Indolacetic Acid in Development of the Host Plant Root System, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68 (2002) 3795–3801.
L.E. de-Bashan, H. Antoun, Y. Bashan, Involvement of indole–3–acetic acid produced by the growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum spp. In promoting growth of Chlorella vulgaris, J. Phycol. 44 (2008) 938–947.
J.C. Sirois, Studies on Growth Regulators. I. Improved Avena Coleoptile Elongation Test for Auxin, Plant Physiol. 41 (1966) 1308–1312.
J.P. Nitsch, C. Nitsch, Studies on the Growth of Coleoptile and First Internode Sections. A New, Sensitive, Straight-Growth Test for Auxins, Plant Physiol. 31 (1956) 94–111.
R. Don, Handbook of Seedling Evaluation, 3rd ed, ISTA Germination Committee, Bassersdorf, 2009.
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [accessed 5 August, 2015].
K.M. Lwin, M.M. Myint, T. Tar, W.Z.M. Aung, Isolation of Plant Hormone (Indole-3-Acetic Acid – IAA). Producing Rhizobacteria and Study on their Effects on Maize Seed-ling, Eng. J. 16 (2012) 137–144.
P.A. Noumavo, E. Kochoni, Y.O. Didagbé, A. Adjanohoun, M. Allagbé, R. Sikirou, E.W. Gachomo, S.O. Kotchoni, L. Baba-Moussa, Effect of Different Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Maize Seed Germination and Seedling Development, Amer. J. Plant Sci. 4 (2013) 1013–1021.
A. Basharat, Bacterial auxin signaling: comparative study of growth induction in Arabdopsis thaliana and Triticum aestivum, Turk. J. Bot. 39 (2015) 1–9.
D. Stanojevic, S. Đorđević, B. Simić, Z. Radan, Wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) growth promotion by bacteria auxin, in vitro, in: Proceedings of the 49th Croatian and 9th International Symposium on Agriculture, Dubrovnik, Hrvatska, 2014, pp. 97–101.
M. Szkop, W. Bielawski, A simple method for simultaneous RP–HPLC determination of indolic compounds related to bacterial biosynthesis of indol-3-acetic acid, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 103 (2013) 683–691.
R. Ortíz-Castro, H.A. Contreras-Cornejo, L. Macías-Rodríguez, J. López-Bucio, The role of microbial signals in plant growth and development, Plant Signaling Behav. 4 (2009) 701–712.
S. Pollmann, P. Duchting, E.W. Weiler, Tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis by IAA–synthase proceeds via indole-3-acetamide, Phytochemistry 70 (2009) 523–531.
S. Prashantha, N. Mathivanana, Growth promotion of groundnut by IAA producing rhizobacteria Bacillus licheniformis MML2501, Arch. Phytopathology Plant Pro-tect. 43 (2010) 191–208.
J.-H. Lim, S.-D. Kim, Synergistic Plant Growth Promotion by the Indigenous Auxins–producing PGPR Bacillus subtilis AH18 and Bacillus licheniforims K11, J. Korean. Soc. App. Biol. Chem. 52 (2009) 531–538.
N.B. Patil, M. Gajbhiye, S.S. Ahiwale, A.B. Gunjal, B.P. Kapadnis, Optimization of Indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) production by Acetobacter diazotrophicus L1 isolated from Sugarcane, Int. J. of Environ. Sci. 2 (2011) 307–314.