Uticaj strukturno-teksturnih karakteristika sulfidnih minerala na njihovo luženje iz polimetaličnog koncentrata rastvorom natrijum-nitrata i sumporne kiseline
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Abstract
U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja strukturno-teksturnih karakteristika sulfidnih minerala na njihovo luženje iz polimetaličnog koncentrata rastvorom sumporne kiseline i natrijum-nitrata. Za određivanja karakteristika sulfidnih minerala u polaznom koncentratu i čvrstom ostatku luženja korišćena je hemijska, rendgenska difrakciona analiza na polikristalnom uzorku (XRD), kvalitativna i kvantitativna mikroskopska i SEM/EDX analiza. U polimetaličnom koncentratu je utvrđeno prisustvo halkopirita, sfalerita, galenita, pirotina i minerala jalovine. Tokom luženja Pb–Zn–Cu sulfidnog koncentrata rastvorom natrijum-nitrata i sumporne kiseline, deo sulfidnih minerala ostaje neizlužen i zaostaje u čvrstim ostacima luženja. Olovo, u obliku slaborastvornog olovo-sulfata (anglezita), ostaje u neizluženom ostatku. Sadržaj sulfidnih minerala u neizluženom ostatku iznosi 35%, u kojem se 54,7% halkopirita, 31,9% sfalerita, 8,2% galenita i 37,6% pirotina javlja u vidu slobodnih mineralnih zrna sa intenzivnom korozijom njihovih ivica i pojavom elementarnog sumpora duž njihovih oboda. Strukturni sklop sulfidnih mineralnih zrna u polimetaličnom koncentratu je povolјan i nije razlog prisustva neizluženih sulfidnih minerala u čvrstim ostacima luženja. Razlog za to je elementarni sumpor koji nastaje u procesu luženja, taloži se na površini sulfidnih mineralnih zrna i otežava kontakt sulfidnih minerala i sredstva za luženje
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