Neki parametri nutritivnog kvaliteta mesa svinja rase mangulica i landras
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Abstract
Cilj ovog rada je bio da se uradi komparativna analiza hemijskog i masnokiselinskog sastava kao i vezivnotkivnih proteina mesa svinja različitog genotipa, mangulice i landrasa. Oba genotipa svinja su hranjena istom hranom standardnog sastava i kvaliteta. Na kraju tova zaklano je po 24 jedniki oba genotipa. Na osnovu analiza osnovnog hemijskog sastava došlo se do zaključka da je sadržaj ukupnih proteina kod oba genotipa svinja veoma sličan. Sadržaj vlage i pepela se kod genotipa svinja landras značajno razlikovao (P < 0,01) u poređenju sa genotipom svinja mangulica. Statistički značajne razlike (P < 0,01) su zabeležene i u sadržaju ukupne masti, koja je kod svinja rase mangulica iznosila 7,95 g/100 g, a kod svinja rase landras 1,59 g/100 g. Sadržaj hidroksiprolina, ne-proteinogene aminokiseline, u mesu svinje rase landras je bio statistički značajno veći (P < 0,01) u poređenju sa njegovim sadržajem u mesu svinja rase mangulica. Ista tendencija se zapaža kada su u pitanju sadržaj proteina vezivnog tkiva, kao i relativan sadržaj proteina vezivnog tkiva. Analizom masnokiselinskog sastava mesa se ustanovilo da je najzastupljenija zasićena masna kiselina (ZMK) kod obe ispitane rase bila palmitinska (C16), čiji je sadržaj bio statistički značajno veći u mesu landrasa (P < 0,01) u poređenju sa sadržajem ove masne kiseline u mesu mangulice. Pored toga, udeo stearinske kiseline (C18) je bio značajno veći (P < 0,01) kod landrasa u odnosu na mangulicu, što je doprinelo statistički značajno većem udelu ZMK kod landrasa u odnosu na mangulicu. Najzastupljenija mononezasićena masna kiselina kod obe rase bila je oleinska (C18:1), čiji je udeo bio značajno veći kod mangulice u odnosu na landrasa (P < 0,01). Linolna kiselina (C18:2) je bila najdominantnija od polinezasićenih masnih kiselina (PNMK) kod obe rase, pri čemu nije bilo statistički značajne razlike (P > 0,05). Sadržaj PNMK, se nije statistički značajno razlikovao između ispitanih rasa, kao ni sadržaj n-3 i n-6 masnih kisleina, što je uticalo na to da se ni odnos n-6/n-3 PNMK statistički značajno (P >
> 0,05) ne razlikuje između ispitanih rasa. Odnos nezasićenih masnih kiselina, tj. zbira MNMK i PNMK i zasićenih masnih kisleina je bio značajno veći kod mangulice u odnosu na landrasa (1,86 naspram 1,4), a isto je zapaženo kada su u pitanju odnosi MNMK/ZMK (1,51 kod mangulice naspram 1,08 kod landrasa) i MNMK/PNMK (4,35 kod mangulice naspram 3,38 kod landrasa).
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